Open Model Structures Radiology Archives

The open-weight large language model gpt-oss-120B can automatically convert free-text radiology reports into structured formats at a rate of 1,258 reports per hour on a single GPU.

Led by a team from Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, the study processed over 2.18 million historical reports using 150 hierarchical templates, achieving structured output for 96.5% of them. Semantic similarity scores indicated high quality for radiography and CT reports.

However, template selection accuracy dropped to 54.1% for complex reports involving multiple body regions, which remained the primary source of errors. These results are based on author-reported preprint data and have not yet been independently reproduced.